Phylogenetic Tools for Comparative Biology (and Other Things)
Overview
A wide range of methods for phylogenetic analysis - concentrated in phylogenetic comparative biology, but also including numerous techniques for visualizing, analyzing, manipulating, reading or writing, and even inferring phylogenetic trees. Included among the functions in phylogenetic comparative biology are various for ancestral state reconstruction, model-fitting, and simulation of phylogenies and trait data. A broad range of plotting methods for phylogenies and comparative data include (but are not restricted to) methods for mapping trait evolution on trees, for projecting trees into phenotype space or a onto a geographic map, and for visualizing correlated speciation between trees. Lastly, numerous functions are designed for reading, writing, analyzing, inferring, simulating, and manipulating phylogenetic trees and comparative data. For instance, there are functions for computing consensus phylogenies from a set, for simulating phylogenetic trees and data under a range of models, for randomly or non-randomly attaching species or clades to a tree, as well as for a wide range of other manipulations and analyses that phylogenetic biologists might find useful in their research.
Install
Health
- OK13 OK2026-08-05
- NOTE12 OK, 1 NOTE2026-08-01
- OK13 OK2026-06-08
- ERROR12 OK, 1 ERROR2026-06-07
- OK14 OK2026-03-10
Documentation
- Help pages
- 189includes a package overview page
- Examples that run
- 86%57 run in a plain check · 9 never run
- Exported functions with examples
- 35%
- Documented parameters
- 100%
- Return-value docs
- 96%
- Help pages citing references
- 99%
Downloads
Repository
- PRs merged (all time)
- 50%
- Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed issues
- 43
- Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed PRs
- 34
Stars over time
Forks over time
Releases over time
Issues over time
PRs over time
Commits over time
1 development-tooling and community-health practice detected across 1 family in the upstream repository
Checks run against github.com/liamrevell/phytools on 2026-10-11.
Dependencies
Installing phytools adds 29 packages (16 with compiled code, 17 MB of source tarballs). Heaviest: igraph 4.8 MB, maps 2.2 MB, phangorn 1.9 MB.
Show the 48 most downloaded packagesHide the 48 most downloaded packages
Code & Tests
Datasets
People & History
Pick two releases to compare their code metrics.
- RR 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
- RR 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11
- RR 4.4.0 released · 2024-04-24
- RR 4.3.0 released · 2023-04-21
- RR 4.2.0 released · 2022-04-22
- RR 4.1.0 released · 2021-05-18
- RR 4.0.0 released · 2020-04-24
- RR 3.6.0 released · 2019-04-26
- RR 3.5.0 released · 2018-04-23
- RR 3.4.0 released · 2017-04-21
- RR 3.3.0 released · 2016-05-03
- RR 3.2.0 released · 2015-04-16
- RR 3.1.0 released · 2014-04-10
- 3.0.3Latest
- 3.0.22013-07-16 · diff ↗
- 3.0.12013-04-20 · diff ↗
Show 64 earlier eventsHide 64 earlier events
- RR 3.0.0 released · 2013-04-03
- 3.0.02013-03-20 · diff ↗
- 2.15.32013-02-16 · diff ↗ ·
added 10 exports
add.random, applyBranchLengths, ave.rates, bind.tip, getSisters, orderMappedEdge, plotThresh, roundBranches, splitplotTree, threshState - 2.15.22012-09-29 · diff ↗
- 2.15.1
- RR 2.15.0 released · 2012-03-30
- 2.14.2
- 2.14.1
- RR 2.14.0 released · 2011-10-31
- 2.14.02011-10-16 · diff ↗ ·
added 49 exports
add.everywhere, allFurcTrees, anc.trend, branching.diffusion, brownie.lite, drop.clade, drop.tip.simmap, estDiversity, evol.rate.mcmc, evol.vcv, exhaustiveMP, expm, fastBM, fitDiversityModel, gammatest, lambda.transform, ls.tree, ltt, make.simmap, map.overlap, minSplit, mrp.supertree, nodeHeights, optim.phylo.ls, paste.tree, phyl.cca, phyl.pairedttest, phyl.pca, phyl.resid, phyl.RMA and 19 more - 2.13.22011-08-18 · diff ↗
- 2.5-22025-09-19 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
cladebox, fitcontMk, fitmultiTrend, fitsemiThresh, sim.absorbing, sim.multiTrend, sim.reflective - 2.4-42025-01-08 · diff ↗
- 2.3-02024-06-14 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
bounded_bm, fitfnMk, fitmultiBM, fitThresh, plotFanTree.wTraits, plotTree.lollipop - 2.1-1
- 2.0-3
- 1.9-162023-07-14 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
ancr, ansi_phylo, hide.hidden, midpoint_root, plot.ancr, pscore, simmap - 1.5-12023-02-19 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
drop.tip.multiPhyloadded 7 exports
keep.tip.densityMap, keep.tip.multiSimmap, keep.tip.simmap, rescale, rescale.multiSimmap, rescale.simmap, splinePhylogram - 1.2-02022-09-01 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
fitMk.parallel, ltt.multiPhylo, ltt.multiSimmap, ltt.phylo, ltt.simmap, sigmoidPhylogram - 1.0-3
- 1.0-1
- 0.7-90
- 0.7-80
- 0.7-702020-09-20 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
drop.tip.multiPhylo, drop.tip.multiSimmap, edge.widthMap, fitHRM, graph.polyMk, keep.tip.contMap, plot.edge.widthMap - 0.7-472020-06-01 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
logLik.gfitadded 5 exports
as.Qmatrix, density.anc.Bayes, plot.anc.Bayes, plot.Qmatrix, print.Qmatrix - 0.7-202020-03-19 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
logLik.gfit, plot.simBMphylo, plot.phylosig, scores, scores.phyl.pca, simBMphylo, tree.grow - 0.6-992019-06-18 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
fitpolyMk, geo.palette, gtt, mccr, phenogram95, phylo.impute, phyloScattergram - 0.6-602018-09-28 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
expmadded 10 exports
ctt, Dtest, fitmultiMk, mcmcMk, plotTree.datamatrix, project.phylomorphospace, sim.ctt, sim.Mk, sim.multiCtt, sim.multiMk - 0.6-44
- 0.6-202017-07-28 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
compare.chronograms, density.multiSimmap, expand.clade, geo.legend, getParent, linklabels, plot.changesMap - 0.6-002017-03-28 · diff ↗ ·
added 12 exports
arc.cladelabels, coef.phyl.RMA, errorbar.contMap, force.ultrametric, get.treepos, getnode, labelnodes, multiOU, pgls.SEy, plot.phyl.RMA, plotTree.errorbars, ratebytree - 0.5-642016-12-05 · diff ↗ ·
added 12 exports
aic.w, allRotations, bd, cospeciation, likSurface.rateshift, modified.Grafen, node.paths, plotTree.barplot, plotTree.boxplot, resolveAllNodes, resolveNode, rotate.multi - 0.5-382016-06-24 · diff ↗ ·
added 13 exports
as.multiPhylo, averageTree, bind.tree.simmap, consensus.edges, ls.consensus, make.transparent, Map.Overlap, mapped.states, matchLabels, minTreeDist, plot.fitMk, plot.fitPagel, plot.gfit - 0.5-202016-03-06 · diff ↗ ·
added 5 exports
densityTree, dot.legend, dotTree, phylo.heatmap, rootedge.to.singleton - 0.5-102015-12-10 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
compute.mr, edgelabels.cophylo, edgeProbs, fastDist, genus.to.species.tree, nodelabels.cophylo, tiplabels.cophylo - 0.5-002015-09-25 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
cophylo, fitMk, markChanges, plot.cophylo, plotTree.splits, splitEdgeColor, tipRotate - 0.4-602015-07-10 · diff ↗
- 0.4-56
- 0.4-452015-02-05 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
add.arrow, fitPagel, ladderize.simmap, locate.fossil, rep.multiPhylo, rep.phylo - 0.4-31
- 0.4-21
- 0.4-052014-05-05 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
cladelabels, drop.tip.singleton, fastHeight, nodeheight, paintBranches, roundPhylogram - 0.3-932014-03-03 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
xkcdTreeadded 6 exports
add.species.to.genus, biplot.phyl.pca, di2multi.simmap, midpoint.root, rateshift, skewers - 0.3-72.12014-03-03 · diff ↗
- 0.3-722013-10-25 · diff ↗ ·
added 11 exports
backbone.toPhylo, drop.leaves, genSeq, map.to.singleton, minRotate, multiRF, phylo.toBackbone, phylo.to.map, plot.phylo.to.map, plotTree.singletons, reorder.backbonePhylo - 0.3-10
- 0.2-90
- 0.2-802013-05-31 · diff ↗
- 0.2-702013-05-22 · diff ↗ ·
added 5 exports
extract.clade.simmap, getCladesofSize, mergeMappedStates, plot.contMap, plot.densityMap - 0.2-50
- 0.2-40
- 0.2-302013-03-20 · diff ↗ ·
added 8 exports
add.color.bar, countSimmap, plotBranchbyTrait, ratebystate, repPhylo, sim.ratebystate, untangle, writeAncestors - 0.2-202013-02-17 · diff ↗
- 0.2-12012-11-13 · diff ↗ ·
added 9 exports
ancThresh, contMap, densityMap, fastAnc, matchNodes, multi.mantel, threshDIC, writeNexus, xkcdTree - 0.2-0
- 0.1-92012-08-08 · diff ↗ ·
added 8 exports
export.as.xml, fancyTree, fastMRCA, multiC, pgls.Ives, phylomorphospace3d, rescaleSimmap, sim.corrs - 0.1-82012-05-02 · diff ↗
- 0.1-72012-02-27 · diff ↗
- 0.1-6
- 0.1-52011-12-18 · diff ↗
- 0.1-2
- 0.1-02011-10-17 · diff ↗
- 0.0-82011-08-20
- RR 2.13.0 released · 2011-04-13
Package metadata
- First published
- 2011-08-18
- Total releases
- 63 / 15 yrs
- License
- GPL (>= 2) OSI
- Minimum R
- ≥ 3.5.0
- Bundled data
- 129 KB / 39 files
- Download size
- 509 KB
Cite
Cite this package
Run in R for the authors' entry:
citation("phytools")The package provides a citation file, so citation() returns the authors' own entry.
It points to 10.7717/peerj.16505.
Cite the R Observatory
For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.
From data release v2026-10-18, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.