R Observatory: Metrics for gbm version 2.3.1

Balamuta, James Joseph

doi:10.5281/zenodo.21843040

gbm

2.3.1Package record

Generalized Boosted Regression Models

61packages dependsuggested by 51

440.4Kdownloads / year

57.6%test coverage

13/13flavors OK

Overview

About

Maintained by Greg RidgewayCRAN page ↗GitHub ↗Website ↗Issues ↗

An implementation of extensions to Freund and Schapire's AdaBoost algorithm and Friedman's gradient boosting machine. Includes regression methods for least squares, absolute loss, t-distribution loss, quantile regression, logistic, multinomial logistic, Poisson, Cox proportional hazards partial likelihood, AdaBoost exponential loss, Huberized hinge loss, and Learning to Rank measures (LambdaMart). Originally developed by Greg Ridgeway. Newer version available at https://github.com/gbm-developers/gbm3.

Changes in 2.3.1

Bug fixes

Fixed an uninitialized-memory read (flagged by CRAN's valgrind memory checks) in CNode's cN field (number of training observations in a node). A tree's root node never had cN set explicitly; this was harmless whenever the tree split at least once (the root is discarded as soon as it splits), but on the rare tree that fails to find any improving split, the root remains the sole terminal node and several distributions' FitBestConstant()/Adjust() read its cN before anything had written to it. Fixed in three places: the root node's cN is now set explicitly when created (src/tree.cpp); CNode's constructor now initializes cN (fixes first use of any node); and the node factory's recycling pool now resets cN on every reuse (src/node_factory.cpp), preventing a stale count from a node's previous use from silently persisting into its next one.

From NEWS.md in the release

Install

R (CRAN)pak (dev)Ubuntu (r2u)Fedora (COPR)openSUSE (OBS)

install.packages("gbm", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")

Installs the current CRAN release. Prebuilt binaries on Windows and macOS.

if (!requireNamespace("pak", quietly = TRUE))
  install.packages("pak", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")
pak::pak("gbm-developers/gbm")

Development version from gbm-developers/gbm. Installs pak first if it is not already available.

Release

# enable cranapt (r2u) if it is not already set up, then install
grep -rqs r2u.stat.illinois.edu /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ \
  || curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eddelbuettel/r2u/master/inst/scripts/add_cranapt_noble.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install -y r-cran-gbm

Fast Ubuntu binaries via r2u (no compilation). The cranapt setup runs once and is skipped when it is already enabled. We list this channel from recorded r2u download activity rather than from a live index of the repository, so treat it as last known rather than guaranteed.

bspm (used by r2u) also needs make: sudo apt install make

# enable the iucar/cran COPR if it is not already present, then install
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*iucar*cran*.repo >/dev/null 2>&1 \
  || sudo dnf copr enable -y iucar/cran
sudo dnf install -y R-CRAN-gbm

RPMs from the iucar/cran COPR, rebuilt from CRAN.

For install.packages() integration in R, also: sudo dnf install R-CoprManager

# add the autoCRAN OBS repo (Tumbleweed) if it is missing, then install
zypper -q lr | grep -qi autoCRAN \
  || sudo zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/languages:/R:/autoCRAN/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/devel:languages:R:autoCRAN.repo
sudo zypper install -y R-gbm

RPMs auto-built from CRAN on openSUSE OBS (Tumbleweed). We list this channel from recorded autoCRAN download activity rather than from a live index of the repository, so treat it as last known rather than guaranteed.

Health

CRAN checks

13OK

CRAN check page ↗

Slowest check: 4.5 min · r-devel-windows-x86_64

Status changes

OK13 OK2026-08-05
NOTE12 OK, 1 NOTE2026-08-01
OK14 OK2026-03-10

Advisories

none known

How this is measured·How advisories are found

Documentation

In release 2.3.1

READMEYes · 162 wordsVignettesYes · 1 · dynamicNEWSYes · 100% structured · mentions 2.3.1Citation fileNoWebsiteYes · pkgdown

Help pages: 21includes a package overview page
Examples that run: 67%4 run in a plain check · 2 hold no code
Exported functions with examples: 32%
Documented parameters: 80%
Return-value docs: 89%
Help pages citing references: 52%

Also includes 8 demo scripts (run with demo())

Vignettes (1)

Generalized Boosted Models: A guide to the gbm package

How these are measured

Downloads

440.4K

CRAN downloads in the past year

Rank #640 · ~1.2K/day · ~36.7K/mo

Releases R versions

Daily download trend is not available in this view yet.

29.2K30 days

88.8K90 days

440.4K1 year

Compare downloads with other packages →

Also on5.1K r2u166 autocran12.7K conda_forge489 bioconda1.2K c2d4u

How downloads are counted

Repository

gbm-developers/gbm ↗Organization: gbm-developers

54Stars

30Forks

4Open issues

0Open PRs

0Releases

263Commits

9Commit identities

263 commits · Last activity 2026-07-09 · The default branch showed an older version (2.3.0) than CRAN on 2026-10-22

Responsiveness

How these are sampled

PRs merged (all time): 86%
Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed issues: 392
Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed PRs: 0

Stars over time

2025-07-19 · 522026-07-07 · 54

How these are measured

PracticesBeta

10 development-tooling and community-health practices detected across 5 families in the upstream repository

Checks run against github.com/gbm-developers/gbm on 2026-10-22.

Continuous integration (2)

GitHub ActionsR CMD check workflow

The R CMD check workflow runs on Linux

Docs source (4)

README.Rmdpkgdown

GitHub Pages site last deployed 2026-07-09 · The repository has a site deploy workflow

CRAN release process (2)

cran-comments.mdrevdep/

Lint, format, editor (1)

RStudio project

Show all practicesHide 1 practice

Git structural (1)

.gitattributes

How this is detected·Detection ruleset v4 (2026-10-20)

Dependencies

Declared dependencies

8 external dependencies (excludes base and recommended)

Installing gbm adds no packages beyond those that come with R.

Depends (1)

R >= 3.5.0

Imports (3)

latticeparallelsurvival

LinkingTo (0)

none

Suggests (10)

bookdown gridExtra knitr pdp rmarkdown RUnitsplinestestthat viridisMASS

Enhances (0)

none

Dependency license breakdown →

Reverse dependencies

61direct

32indirect

Depends 4 · Imports 57

Suggested by 51

Show the 48 most downloaded dependentsHide the 48 most downloaded dependents

Depends, Imports or LinkingTo, most downloaded first

and 13 more dependents and 51 packages that suggest it on CRAN ↗

How these are counted

Code & Tests

People & History

People (9)

Greg Ridgeway

Author, Maintainer since 2.1.9 (2024)

GBM Developers

Author · added in 2.1.4

https://github.com/gbm-developers

Bradley Boehmke

Contributor · added in 2.1.4

Jay Cunningham

Contributor · added in 2.1.4

Daniel Edwards

Contributor · added in 2.1.9

Brandon Greenwell

Contributor · added in 2.1.4

Brian Kriegler

Contributor · added in 2.1.9

Stefan Schroedl

Contributor · added in 2.1.9

Harry Southworth

Contributor · added in 2.1.9

Previously maintained by Brandon Greenwell (2.0-8 to 2.1.8.1) and Greg Ridgeway (0.6 to 2.0-5).

Listed in earlier versions (1)

others

no longer listed · 2.0-5 to 2.1.3

Releases (36)

Pick two releases to compare their code metrics.

2.3.1Latest
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2026-07-09 · current release · diff ↗
2.3.0
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2026-07-08 · diff ↗
R
R 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
2.2.3
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2026-01-22 · diff ↗
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R 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11
2.2.2
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2024-06-28 · diff ↗
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R 4.4.0 released · 2024-04-24
2.1.9
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2024-01-10 · diff ↗
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R 4.3.0 released · 2023-04-21
2.1.8.1
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2022-08-11 · diff ↗
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R 4.2.0 released · 2022-04-22
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R 4.1.0 released · 2021-05-18
2.1.8
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2020-07-15 · diff ↗ ·
removed 3 exports
grid.arrange, shrink.gbm, shrink.gbm.pred
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R 4.0.0 released · 2020-04-24
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R 3.6.0 released · 2019-04-26
2.1.5
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2019-01-14 · diff ↗

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2.1.4
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2018-09-16 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
pattern:^[^\\.]

added 45 exports
basehaz.gbm, calibrate.plot, checkID, checkMissing, checkOffset, checkWeights, gbm, gbm.conc, gbm.fit, gbm.loss, gbm.more, gbm.perf, gbm.roc.area, gbmCluster, gbmCrossVal, gbmCrossValErr, gbmCrossValModelBuild, gbmCrossValPredictions, gbmDoFold, getCVgroup, getStratify, getVarNames, grid.arrange, guessDist, interact.gbm, ir.measure.auc, ir.measure.conc, ir.measure.map, ir.measure.mrr, ir.measure.ndcg and 15 more
unarchivedReturned to CRAN
2018-09-15
R
R 3.5.0 released · 2018-04-23
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R 3.4.0 released · 2017-04-21
orphanedOrphaned by its maintainer
2017-03-21
long-standing errors were not corrected. NMU by CRAN team
2.1.3
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2017-03-21 · diff ↗
2.1.2
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2017-03-21 · diff ↗
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R 3.3.0 released · 2016-05-03
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R 3.2.0 released · 2015-04-16
2.1.1
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2015-03-11 · diff ↗
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R 3.1.0 released · 2014-04-10
2.1
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2013-05-10 · diff ↗
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R 3.0.0 released · 2013-04-03
2.0-8
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2013-01-18 · diff ↗
2.0-5
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2012-12-08 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
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added 1 export
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1.6-3.2
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2012-12-09 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
pattern:.
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R 2.15.0 released · 2012-03-30
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R 2.14.0 released · 2011-10-31
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R 2.13.0 released · 2011-04-13
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R 2.12.0 released · 2010-10-15
1.6-3.1
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2010-05-07 · diff ↗
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R 2.11.0 released · 2010-04-22
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R 2.10.0 released · 2009-10-26
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R 2.9.0 released · 2009-04-17
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R 2.8.0 released · 2008-10-20
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R 2.7.0 released · 2008-04-22
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R 2.6.0 released · 2007-10-03
1.6-3
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2007-08-04 · diff ↗
1.6-2
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2007-06-23 · diff ↗
1.6-1
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2007-06-14 · diff ↗
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R 2.5.0 released · 2007-04-24
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R 2.4.0 released · 2006-10-03
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R 2.3.0 released · 2006-04-24
1.5-7
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2006-04-18 · diff ↗
1.5-5
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2006-01-21 · diff ↗
1.5-3
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2005-10-07 · diff ↗
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R 2.2.0 released · 2005-10-06
1.5-1
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2005-06-02 · diff ↗
1.5
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2005-05-09 · diff ↗
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R 2.1.0 released · 2005-04-18
1.4-2
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2005-03-31 · diff ↗
1.3-5
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2004-11-09 · diff ↗
1.3-3
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2004-11-04 · diff ↗
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R 2.0.0 released · 2004-10-04
1.2
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2004-06-25 · diff ↗
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R 1.9.0 released · 2004-04-12
1.1-2
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2004-04-10 · diff ↗
1.1-1
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2003-12-07 · diff ↗
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R 1.8.0 released · 2003-10-08
1.0
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2003-07-15 · diff ↗
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R 1.7.0 released · 2003-04-16
0.7-2
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2003-03-14 · diff ↗
0.7-1
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2003-03-11 · diff ↗
0.7
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2003-03-10 · diff ↗
0.6
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2003-02-21
R
R 1.6.0 released · 2002-10-01

Package metadata

First published: 2003-02-21
Total releases: 36 / 23 yrs
License: GPL (>= 2) | file LICENSE OSI
Minimum R: ≥ 3.5.0
Download size: 577 KB

Appears in task views

Machine Learning & Statistical Learning Survival Analysis

Cite

Cite this package

Run in R for the authors' preferred citation:

citation("gbm")

Format

Ridgeway, G., Boehmke, B., Cunningham, J., Developers, G., Edwards, D., Greenwell, B., Kriegler, B., Schroedl, S., & Southworth, H. (2026). gbm: Generalized Boosted Regression Models (Version 2.3.1) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.gbm

This package has no citation file, so citation() returns this entry built from DESCRIPTION.

Cite the R Observatory

For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.

Format

APA

Balamuta, J. J. (2026). R Observatory: Metrics for gbm version 2.3.1 [Data set]. HJJB, LLC. Data release v2026-10-23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21843040

From data release v2026-10-23, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.

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