Network Analysis and Visualization
Overview
Routines for simple graphs and network analysis. It can handle large graphs very well and provides functions for generating random and regular graphs, graph visualization, centrality methods and much more.
Bug fixes
- Avoid deprecated special names in
structure()calls and add\usageto the documentation of%>%, for compatibility with R-devel.
Testing
- Skip the
layout_with_mds()stress test with BLIS, where LAPACK'sDSYEVRfails to converge for some random graphs.
From NEWS.md in the release
Install
Health
- OK13 OK2026-10-03
- NOTE12 OK, 1 NOTE2026-07-11
- OK13 OK2026-07-03
- ERROR12 OK, 1 ERROR2026-06-20
- OK13 OK2026-06-01
Show 9 earlier changesHide 9 earlier changes
- ERROR11 OK, 1 WARNING, 1 ERROR2026-05-30
- WARNING11 OK, 2 WARNING2026-05-17
- ERROR11 OK, 1 WARNING, 1 ERROR2026-05-15
- WARNING12 OK, 1 WARNING2026-05-13
- OK13 OK2026-05-02
- ERROR11 OK, 1 ERROR2026-04-25
- NOTE11 OK, 3 NOTE2026-04-11
- WARNING6 OK, 7 NOTE, 1 WARNING2026-03-21
- NOTE11 OK, 3 NOTE2026-03-10
Earlier advisories (1)Hide earlier advisories (1)
- RSEC-2023-4NULL pointer dereference vulnerability0.7.1 to 1.2.2, fixed in 1.2.2-2, 2023-10-04, CVE-2018-20349 Medium 6.5
Documentation
The repository also keeps web-only articles.
- Help pages
- 659 (286 internal)includes a package overview page
- Examples that run
- 100%327 run in a plain check (14 of them under a condition) · 1 never run
- Exported functions with examples
- 48%
- Documented parameters
- 96%
- Return-value docs
- 52%
- Help pages citing references
- 16%
Downloads
Repository
- PRs merged (all time)
- 84%
- Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed issues
- 452
- Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed PRs
- 1
Stars over time
Forks over time
Releases over time
Issues over time
PRs over time
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Commit identities over time
23 development-tooling and community-health practices detected across 9 families in the upstream repository
Checks run against github.com/igraph/rigraph on 2026-10-11.
The R CMD check workflow runs on Linux and Windows
Funding links: GitHub Sponsors, Open Collective
The repository owner accepts GitHub Sponsors
GitHub Pages site last deployed 2026-10-01 · The repository has a site deploy workflow
pkgdown site last built 2026-10-01
Show all practicesHide 5 practices
This repository shows signs of AI coding tools.
- GitHub Copilotfirst seen 2025-07-10Seen in the repository: .github/copilot-instructions.mdPull request: opened by its own accountCommits: 84 by its own account · at least 82 crediting it in the message
- Claude Codefirst seen 2026-04-13Seen in the repository: .claude, .claude/skillsNamed in .Rbuildignore: .claudeCommits: 5 by its own account · at least 113 crediting it in the message
- Claude CodePull requests: 121 from outside contributors, first on 2026-04-13
- Claude Opus 59 commits · Aug to Sep 2026
- Claude Opus 4.85 commits · Jun to Jul 2026
- Claude Fable 52 commits · Aug to Sep 2026
- Claude Opus 4.72 commits · May to Jun 2026
Some of these counts are a minimum, because the search stopped before the oldest commits.
Dependencies
Installing igraph adds 8 packages (5 with compiled code, 3.2 MB of source tarballs). Heaviest: vctrs 1.0 MB, rlang 766 KB, cli 629 KB.
Show the 48 most downloaded dependentsHide the 48 most downloaded dependents
and 760 more dependents and 260 packages that suggest it on CRAN ↗
Code & Tests
People & History
Previously maintained by Tamás Nepusz (1.2.7 to 1.4.1) and Gábor Csárdi (0.1.1 to 1.2.6).
Pick two releases to compare their code metrics.
- 2.3.4Latest
- 2.3.32026-06-26 · diff ↗
- 2.3.22026-05-29 · diff ↗
- 2.3.12026-05-04 · diff ↗
- RR 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
- 2.3.02026-04-21 · diff ↗ ·
added 14 exports
circulant, count_loops, count_reachable, full_multipartite, invalidate_cache, layout_modifier, make_circulant, make_full_multipartite, make_turan, make_wheel, mean_degree, transitive_closure, turan, wheel - 2.2.32026-04-07 · diff ↗
- 2.2.22026-02-12 · diff ↗
- 2.2.12025-10-27 · diff ↗
- 2.2.02025-10-13 · diff ↗ ·
removed 2 exports
igraph_demo, igraphdemoadded 12 exports
align_layout, bipartite_gnm, bipartite_gnp, feedback_vertex_set, find_cycle, is_clique, is_complete, is_ivs, sample_bipartite_gnm, sample_bipartite_gnp, set_vertex_attrs, simple_cycles - RR 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11
- 2.1.42025-01-23 · diff ↗
- 2.1.32025-01-07 · diff ↗
- 2.1.22024-12-07 · diff ↗
- 2.1.12024-10-20 · diff ↗ ·
removed 5 exports
.igraph.progress, .igraph.status, igraph_test, igraphtest, tkigraphadded 17 exports
.from, .inc, .innei, .nei, .outnei, .to, as_directed, as_undirected, chung_lu, get_edge_ids, graph_center, hits_scores, independence_number, max_degree, max_ivs, sample_chung_lu, subgraph_from_edges - RR 4.4.0 released · 2024-04-24
Show 96 earlier eventsHide 96 earlier events
- 2.0.3
- 2.0.2
- 2.0.1.12024-01-30 · diff ↗
- 2.0.1
- 1.6.02023-12-11 · diff ↗ ·
removed 9 exports
asPhylo, igraph.arpack.default, scg, scgGrouping, scgNormEps, scgSemiProjectors, scg_eps, scg_group, scg_semi_projadded 6 exports
as_biadjacency_matrix, graph_from_biadjacency_matrix, is_acyclic, is_forest, make_neighborhood_graph, neighborhood_size - 1.5.12023-08-10 · diff ↗
- 1.5.0.12023-07-23 · diff ↗
- 1.5.0
- 1.4.32023-05-22 · diff ↗
- RR 4.3.0 released · 2023-04-21
- 1.4.22023-04-07 · diff ↗ ·
removed 10 exports
igraph.eigen.default, nexus.get, nexus.info, nexus.list, nexus.search, nexus_get, nexus_info, nexus_list, nexus_search, srand - 1.4.12023-02-24 · diff ↗
- 1.4.0
- 1.3.52022-09-22 · diff ↗
- 1.3.42022-07-19 · diff ↗
- 1.3.3
- 1.3.22022-06-13 · diff ↗
- RR 4.2.0 released · 2022-04-22
- 1.3.12022-04-20 · diff ↗
- 1.3.02022-04-01 · diff ↗ ·
removed 2 exports
page.rank.old, page_rank_oldadded 26 exports
any_loop, automorphism_group, average_local_efficiency, bridges, clique_size_counts, eulerian_cycle, eulerian_path, feedback_arc_set, from_prufer, global_efficiency, greedy_vertex_coloring, harmonic_centrality, has_eulerian_cycle, has_eulerian_path, is_tree, largest_weighted_cliques, local_efficiency, make_from_prufer, random_edge_walk, realize_degseq, sample_spanning_tree, sample_tree, simplify_and_colorize, to_prufer, weighted_clique_num, weighted_cliques - 1.2.112022-01-05 · diff ↗
- 1.2.102021-12-15 · diff ↗
- 1.2.92021-11-24 · diff ↗
- 1.2.82021-11-07 · diff ↗
- 1.2.7
- RR 4.1.0 released · 2021-05-18
- 1.2.62020-10-06 · diff ↗
- RR 4.0.0 released · 2020-04-24
- 1.2.52020-03-19 · diff ↗
- 1.2.4.22019-11-27 · diff ↗
- RR 3.6.0 released · 2019-04-26
- 1.2.4.12019-04-22 · diff ↗
- 1.2.42019-02-13 · diff ↗
- 1.2.32019-02-10 · diff ↗
- 1.2.2◆2018-07-27 · diff ↗
- RR 3.5.0 released · 2018-04-23
- 1.2.1◆2018-03-10 · diff ↗ ·
removed 3 exports
gclust.app, gclust.rsvt, getAICcadded 2 exports
as_graphnel, graph_from_graphnel - 1.1.2◆2017-07-21 · diff ↗
- 1.1.1◆2017-07-16 · diff ↗ ·
removed 2 exports
as_graphnel, graph_from_graphneladded 7 exports
graph_id, head_print, indent_print, is_printer_callback, print_all, printer_callback, with_igraph_opt - RR 3.4.0 released · 2017-04-21
- RR 3.3.0 released · 2016-05-03
- 1.0.1◆2015-06-26 · diff ↗
- 1.0.0◆2015-06-24 · diff ↗ ·
removed 86 exports
[.igraph, [[.igraph, [<-.igraph, +.igraph, -.igraph, $.igraph.vs, $.igraph.es, [.igraph.vs, [[.igraph.vs, [.igraph.es, [[.igraph.es, [<-.igraph.vs, [<-.igraph.es, [[<-.igraph.vs, [[<-.igraph.es, $<-.igraph.vs, $<-.igraph.es, print.igraph.vs, print.igraph.es, str.igraph, summary.igraph, rewire.edges, edge.betweenness.community.merges, community.to.membership, plot.communities, compare.communities, rglplot.igraph, revolver.d, revolver.error.d, revolver.ad and 56 moreadded 403 exports
%>%, edge_attr<-, graph_attr<-, vertex_attr<-, add_edges, add_layout_, add_shape, add_vertices, adhesion, adjacent_vertices, all_shortest_paths, all_simple_paths, alpha_centrality, any_multiple, are_adjacent, arpack_defaults, articulation_points, as_adj, as_adj_edge_list, as_adj_list, as_adjacency_matrix, as_bipartite, as_data_frame, as_edgelist, as_graphnel, as_ids, as_incidence_matrix, as_long_data_frame, as_membership, as_phylo and 373 more - RR 3.2.0 released · 2015-04-16
- 0.7.1◆
- RR 3.1.0 released · 2014-04-10
- 0.7.02014-02-05 · diff ↗ ·
removed 3 exports
graph.intersection.by.name, graph.union.by.name, graph.difference.by.nameadded 29 exports
graph.attributes, vertex.attributes, edge.attributes, graph.attributes<-, vertex.attributes<-, edge.attributes<-, [[.igraph.vs, [[.igraph.es, [[<-.igraph.vs, [[<-.igraph.es, bipartite.random.game, srand, tkplot.canvas, tkplot.setcoords, igraph.eigen.default, igraph.version, graphlets, graphlets.project, plot.sir, time_bins, sbm.game, maximal.cliques.count, layout.bipartite, mod.matrix, graphlets.candidate.basis, adjacent.triangles, graph.subisomorphic.lad, graph.eigen, sir - 0.6.6
- 0.6.5-22013-05-23 · diff ↗
- RR 3.0.0 released · 2013-04-03
- 0.6.5-12013-02-28 · diff ↗
- 0.6.52013-02-25 · diff ↗
- 0.6.42013-02-04 · diff ↗ ·
added 8 exports
get.data.frame, vertex.shapes, add.vertex.shape, igraph.shape.noclip, igraph.shape.noplot, k.regular.game, is.degree.sequence, is.graphical.degree.sequence - 0.6-32012-10-17 · diff ↗
- 0.6-22012-06-20 · diff ↗
- 0.6-12012-06-17 · diff ↗
- 0.62012-06-14 · diff ↗ ·
removed 7 exports
structurally.cohesive.blocks, is.bgraph, print.bgraph, plot.bgraph, write.pajek.bgraph, leading.eigenvector.community.naive, leading.eigenvector.community.stepadded 169 exports
incident, get.edge.ids, [.igraph, [[.igraph, [<-.igraph, edge, edges, vertex, vertices, path, +.igraph, -.igraph, is.named, is.weighted, str.igraph, lastcit.game, cited.type.game, citing.cited.type.game, membership, sizes, algorithm, is.hierarchical, merges, cutat, communities, crossing, plot.communities, compare, compare.communities, showtrace and 139 more - RR 2.15.0 released · 2012-03-30
- 0.5.5-42011-12-13 · diff ↗
- RR 2.14.0 released · 2011-10-31
- 0.5.5-32011-10-20 · diff ↗
- RR 2.13.0 released · 2011-04-13
- 0.5.5-22011-03-21 · diff ↗
- 0.5.5-12010-12-17 · diff ↗
- 0.5.52010-10-28 · diff ↗
- RR 2.12.0 released · 2010-10-15
- 0.5.4-12010-08-19 · diff ↗
- 0.5.42010-08-06 · diff ↗ ·
removed 67 exports
lastcit.game, cited.type.game, citing.cited.type.game, measure.dynamics.id, measure.dynamics.idage, measure.dynamics.d.d, measure.dynamics.citedcat.id.age, measure.dynamics.citingcat.id.age, measure.dynamics.lastcit, measure.dynamics.age, measure.dynamics.citedcat, measure.dynamics.citingcat.citedcat, revolver.d, revolver.error.d, revolver.ad, revolver.error.ad, revolver.ade, revolver.error.ade, revolver.e, revolver.error.e, revolver.de, revolver.error.de, revolver.l, revolver.error.l, revolver.dl, revolver.error.dl, revolver.el, revolver.error.el, revolver.r, revolver.error.r and 37 moreadded 1 export
layout.star - RR 2.11.0 released · 2010-04-22
- 0.5.32009-11-22 · diff ↗
- RR 2.10.0 released · 2009-10-26
- 0.5.2-22009-05-08 · diff ↗
- RR 2.9.0 released · 2009-04-17
- 0.5.22009-04-14 · diff ↗ ·
added 12 exports
tkigraph, graph.full.bipartite, unfold.tree, graph.knn, graph.strength, bipartite.projection.size, bipartite.projection, graph.bipartite, graph.incidence, get.incidence, is.bipartite, label.propagation.community - RR 2.8.0 released · 2008-10-20
- 0.5.12008-07-12 · diff ↗ ·
added 12 exports
igraph.from.graphNEL, igraph.to.graphNEL, igraph.drl.default, igraph.drl.coarsen, igraph.drl.coarsest, igraph.drl.refine, igraph.drl.final, graph.adjlist, arpack.unpack.complex, is.mutual, layout.drl, similarity.invlogweighted - RR 2.7.0 released · 2008-04-22
- 0.52008-02-13 · diff ↗ ·
added 64 exports
line.graph, graph.de.bruijn, graph.kautz, graph.formula, graph.famous, get.adjlist, get.adjedgelist, layout.norm, is.loop, is.multiple, count.multiple, igraph.arpack.default, graph.subisomorphic.vf2, graph.count.isomorphisms.vf2, graph.count.subisomorphisms.vf2, graph.get.isomorphisms.vf2, graph.get.subisomorphisms.vf2, arpack, graph.full.citation, graph.lcf, forest.fire.game, closeness.estimate, betweenness.estimate, edge.betweenness.estimate, page.rank.old, path.length.hist, is.simple, hub.score, authority.score, layout.graphopt and 34 more - 0.4.52007-12-24 · diff ↗ ·
added 11 exports
piecewise.layout, biconnected.components, articulation.points, cohesive.blocks, structurally.cohesive.blocks, is.bgraph, print.bgraph, plot.bgraph, write.pajek.bgraph, layout.mds, layout.svd - 0.4.42007-10-03 · diff ↗
- RR 2.6.0 released · 2007-10-03
- 0.4.32007-08-09 · diff ↗
- 0.4.22007-06-07 · diff ↗ ·
added 15 exports
revolver.error.d, revolver.error.ad, revolver.error.ade, revolver.error.e, revolver.error.de, revolver.error.l, revolver.error.dl, revolver.error.el, revolver.error.r, revolver.error.ar, revolver.error.di, revolver.error.adi, revolver.error.il, revolver.error.ir, revolver.error.air - 0.4.12007-05-23 · diff ↗
- 0.42007-05-22 · diff ↗ ·
removed 4 exports
community.eb, community.cut, edge.type.matrix, community.eb2added 37 exports
get.edges, lastcit.game, cited.type.game, citing.cited.type.game, edge.betweenness.community, walktrap.community, edge.betweenness.community.merges, fastgreedy.community, community.to.membership, leading.eigenvector.community, leading.eigenvector.community.step, graph.graphdb, topological.sort, girth, measure.dynamics.lastcit, measure.dynamics.age, measure.dynamics.citedcat, measure.dynamics.citingcat.citedcat, revolver.d, revolver.ad, revolver.ade, revolver.e, revolver.de, revolver.l, revolver.dl, revolver.el, revolver.r, revolver.ar, revolver.di, revolver.adi and 7 more - RR 2.5.0 released · 2007-04-24
- 0.3.32007-02-28 · diff ↗ ·
added 13 exports
connect.neighborhood, rewire.edges, watts.strogatz.game, graph.coreness, alpha.centrality, cliques, largest.cliques, maximal.cliques, clique.number, independent.vertex.sets, largest.independent.vertex.sets, maximal.independent.vertex.sets, independence.number - 0.3.22006-12-15 · diff ↗
- 0.3.12006-12-07 · diff ↗ ·
added 21 exports
graph.data.frame, graph.edgelist, graph.extended.chordal.ring, grg.game, preference.game, asymmetric.preference.game, spinglass.community, graph.density, neighborhood.size, neighborhood, graph.neighborhood, no.clusters, bonpow, graph.maxflow, graph.mincut, vertex.connectivity, edge.connectivity, edge.disjoint.paths, vertex.disjoint.paths, graph.adhesion, graph.cohesion - RR 2.4.0 released · 2006-10-03
- 0.2.12006-08-25 · diff ↗
- 0.22006-08-23 · diff ↗ ·
removed 30 exports
add.graph.attribute, g.a, g.a<-, add.vertex.attribute, v.a, v.a<-, add.edge.attribute, e.a, e.a<-, igraph.vs.all, igraph.vs.adj, igraph.vs.vector, igraph.es.all, igraph.es.fromorder, igraph.es.adj, igraph.es.vector, igraph.vs.next, igraph.vs.end, igraph.vs.reset, igraph.vs.get, igraph.es.next, igraph.es.end, igraph.es.reset, igraph.es.get, igraph.es.from, igraph.es.to, $.igraphvsseq, $.igraphvsvector, $.igraphesseq, $.igraphesvectoradded 67 exports
list.graph.attributes, list.vertex.attributes, list.edge.attributes, V, E, $.igraph.vs, $.igraph.es, [.igraph.vs, [.igraph.es, [<-.igraph.vs, [<-.igraph.es, $<-.igraph.vs, $<-.igraph.es, V<-, E<-, print.igraph.vs, print.igraph.es, %--%, %->%, %<-%, get.edge, graph.atlas, aging.barabasi.game, aging.ba.game, ba.game, callaway.traits.game, establishment.game, as.directed, as.undirected, layout.lgl and 37 more - RR 2.3.0 released · 2006-04-24
- 0.1.22006-03-29 · diff ↗
- 0.1.12006-03-01
- RR 2.2.0 released · 2005-10-06
Package metadata
- First published
- 2006-03-01
- Total releases
- 84 / 20 yrs
- License
- GPL (>= 2) OSI
- Minimum R
- ≥ 3.5.0
- Download size
- 4.8 MB
Cite
Cite this package
Run in R for the authors' preferred citation:
citation("igraph")The package provides a citation file that builds its entry when R runs it. Run citation() to see it.
The repository also keeps a CITATION.cff.
Cite the R Observatory
For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.
From data release v2026-10-18, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.