R Observatory: Metrics for brms version 2.23.0

Balamuta, James Joseph

doi:10.5281/zenodo.21843040

brms

2.23.0Package record

Bayesian Regression Models using 'Stan'

37packages dependsuggested by 63

580.4Kdownloads / year

81.4%test coverage

11/13flavors OK

Overview

About

Maintained by Paul-Christian BürknerCRAN page ↗GitHub ↗Website ↗Issues ↗

Fit Bayesian generalized (non-)linear multivariate multilevel models using 'Stan' for full Bayesian inference. A wide range of distributions and link functions are supported, allowing users to fit -- among others -- linear, robust linear, count data, survival, response times, ordinal, zero-inflated, hurdle, and even self-defined mixture models all in a multilevel context. Further modeling options include both theory-driven and data-driven non-linear terms, auto-correlation structures, censoring and truncation, meta-analytic standard errors, and quite a few more. In addition, all parameters of the response distribution can be predicted in order to perform distributional regression. Prior specifications are flexible and explicitly encourage users to apply prior distributions that actually reflect their prior knowledge. Models can easily be evaluated and compared using several methods assessing posterior or prior predictions. References: Bürkner (2017) doi:10.18637/jss.v080.i01; Bürkner (2018) doi:10.32614/RJ-2018-017; Bürkner (2021) doi:10.18637/jss.v100.i05; Carpenter et al. (2017) doi:10.18637/jss.v076.i01.

Install

R (CRAN)pak (dev)Ubuntu (r2u)Fedora (COPR)openSUSE (OBS)

install.packages("brms", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")

Installs the current CRAN release. Prebuilt binaries on Windows and macOS.

if (!requireNamespace("pak", quietly = TRUE))
  install.packages("pak", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")
pak::pak("paul-buerkner/brms")

Development version from paul-buerkner/brms. Installs pak first if it is not already available.

Release

# enable cranapt (r2u) if it is not already set up, then install
grep -rqs r2u.stat.illinois.edu /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ \
  || curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eddelbuettel/r2u/master/inst/scripts/add_cranapt_noble.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install -y r-cran-brms

Fast Ubuntu binaries via r2u (no compilation). The cranapt setup runs once and is skipped when it is already enabled. We list this channel from recorded r2u download activity rather than from a live index of the repository, so treat it as last known rather than guaranteed.

bspm (used by r2u) also needs make: sudo apt install make

# enable the iucar/cran COPR if it is not already present, then install
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*iucar*cran*.repo >/dev/null 2>&1 \
  || sudo dnf copr enable -y iucar/cran
sudo dnf install -y R-CRAN-brms

RPMs from the iucar/cran COPR, rebuilt from CRAN.

For install.packages() integration in R, also: sudo dnf install R-CoprManager

# add the autoCRAN OBS repo (Tumbleweed) if it is missing, then install
zypper -q lr | grep -qi autoCRAN \
  || sudo zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/languages:/R:/autoCRAN/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/devel:languages:R:autoCRAN.repo
sudo zypper install -y R-brms

RPMs auto-built from CRAN on openSUSE OBS (Tumbleweed). We list this channel from recorded autoCRAN download activity rather than from a live index of the repository, so treat it as last known rather than guaranteed.

Health

CRAN checks

2NOTE11OK

Check messages

NOTERd contentsr-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang, r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc

Rd files without \usage:
  ‘theme_default.Rd’
\arguments should not be documented without \usage.

CRAN check page ↗

Slowest check: 14.3 min · r-release-macos-x86_64

Status changes

NOTE11 OK, 2 NOTENow
NOTE12 OK, 1 NOTE2026-07-11
OK13 OK2026-06-27
WARNING12 OK, 1 WARNING2026-06-14
OK13 OK2026-06-09
ERROR12 OK, 1 ERROR2026-06-08

Show 2 earlier changesHide 2 earlier changes

OK12 OK2026-04-25
NOTE11 OK, 3 NOTE2026-03-10

Advisories

none known

How this is measured·How advisories are found

Documentation

In release 2.23.0

READMEYes · 1,635 wordsVignettesYes · 9 · dynamicNEWSYes · 100% structured · does not mention 2.23.0Citation fileYes · cites a publicationWebsiteYes · pkgdown

Cites a JSS articleCites an R Journal article

Help pages: 188 (7 internal)includes a package overview page
Examples that run: 21%25 run in a plain check · 93 never run
Exported functions with examples: 63%
Documented parameters: 97%
Return-value docs: 68%
Help pages citing references: 8%

Vignettes (9)

How these are measured

Downloads

580.4K

CRAN downloads in the past year

Rank #513 · ~1.6K/day · ~48.4K/mo

Releases R versions

Daily download trend is not available in this view yet.

42.7K30 days

142.6K90 days

580.4K1 year

Compare downloads with other packages →

Also on8.8K r2u157 autocran11.4K conda_forge532 c2d4u

How downloads are counted

Repository

paul-buerkner/brms ↗Account: paul-buerkner

1,435Stars

229Forks

150Open issues

11Open PRs

56Releases

5,687Commits

82Commit identities

brmsstanbayesian-inferencemultilevel-modelsstatistical-modelsr-package

License file reads as GPL-2.0 · 5,687 commits · Last activity 2026-10-16 · +0.4% stars, 30d · Default branch at 2.23.2, ahead of CRAN 2.23.0 (checked 2026-10-11)

Responsiveness

How these are sampled

PRs merged (all time): 87%
Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed issues: 5
Median days to close, 50 most recently updated closed PRs: 3

Stars over time

2025-10-10 · 1,3502026-10-14 · 1,435

How these are measured

PracticesBeta

12 development-tooling and community-health practices detected across 6 families in the upstream repository

Checks run against github.com/paul-buerkner/brms on 2026-10-11.

Continuous integration (2)

GitHub ActionsR CMD check workflow

The R CMD check workflow runs on Linux, macOS and Windows, and on R-devel

Governance and community (3)

Issue templatesFunding

Funding links: GitHub Sponsors

The repository owner accepts GitHub Sponsors

Docs source (4)

README.Rmdpkgdown

GitHub Pages site last deployed 2026-10-07 · The repository has a site deploy workflow

pkgdown site last built 2026-10-07

Coverage (1)

Coverage reporting

Show all practicesHide 2 practices

CRAN release process (1)

CRAN-SUBMISSION

Lint, format, editor (1)

RStudio project

How this is detected·Detection ruleset v3 (2026-09-26)

AI coding toolsBeta

This repository shows signs of AI coding tools.

GitHub Copilotfirst seen on or before 2026-09-04
Commits: at least 2 crediting it in the message

Counts are commits, not lines of code. Commits by a tool's accounts count once across all of its accounts. Commits crediting it are the largest count among its credit lines, a minimum.How this is detected·Detection ruleset v4 (updated 2026-09-27)

Dependencies

Declared dependencies

48 external dependencies (excludes base and recommended)

Installing brms adds 71 packages (35 with compiled code, 70 MB of source tarballs). Heaviest: BH 14 MB, stringi 11 MB, ggplot2 6.0 MB.

Depends (3)

R >= 3.6.0Rcppmethods

Imports (23)

rstan ggplot2 loo posteriorMatrixmgcvrstantools bayesplot bridgesampling (>= 0.3-0)glue rlang future future.apply matrixStats nleqslvnlmecoda abindstatsutilsparallelgrDevicesbackports

LinkingTo (0)

none

Enhances (0)

none

Dependency license breakdown →

Reverse dependencies

37direct

1indirect

Depends 6 · Imports 31

Suggested by 63

Show the 48 most downloaded packagesHide the 48 most downloaded packages

Depends, Imports or LinkingTo, most downloaded first

Suggests, most downloaded first

loo insight emmeans datawizard performance bayestestR parameters effectsize broom.mixed marginaleffects modelsummary

and 52 more packages that suggest it on CRAN ↗

How these are counted

Code & Tests

Datasets

People & History

People (19)

Paul-Christian Bürkner

Author, Maintainer · added in 1.3.0

Hamada S. Badr

Contributor · added in 2.16.0

Mattan S. Ben-Shachar

Contributor · added in 2.16.0

Luiz Carvalho

Contributor · added in 2.23.0

Jonah Gabry

Contributor · added in 2.13.3

Andrew Johnson

Contributor · added in 2.15.0

Noa Kallioinen

Contributor · added in 2.23.0

Ioannis Kosmidis

Contributor · added in 2.23.0

Simon C. Mills

Contributor · added in 2.18.0

Show 10 more contributorsHide 10 contributors

Martin Modrak

Contributor · added in 2.15.0

Sermet Pekin

Contributor · added in 2.23.0

Ven Popov

Contributor · added in 2.21.0

Hayden Rabel

Contributor · added in 2.17.0

Ben Schneider

Contributor · added in 2.23.0

Wellington J. Silva

Contributor · added in 2.23.0

Aki Vehtari

Contributor · added in 2.21.0

Frank Weber

Contributor · added in 2.16.0

Sebastian Weber

Contributor · added in 2.14.0

Stephen Wild

Contributor · added in 2.19.0

Maintainer since 0.1.0 (2015)

Listed in earlier versions (1)

Paul-Christian Buerkner

no longer listed · 0.1.0 to 1.2.0

Releases (62)

Pick two releases to compare their code metrics.

R
R 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
2.23.0Latest
record
2025-09-09 · current release · diff ↗ ·
added 3 exports
dirichlet_multinomial, inits, xbeta
R
R 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11
2.22.0
record
2024-09-23 · diff ↗ ·
added 2 exports
loo_epred, resp_bhaz
R
R 4.4.0 released · 2024-04-24
2.21.0
record
2024-03-20 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
launch_shinystan

added 4 exports
constant, default_prior, psis, read_csv_as_stanfit
2.20.4
record
2023-09-25 · diff ↗
2.20.3
record
2023-09-15 · diff ↗
2.20.1
record
2023-08-14 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
as.brmsprior
R
R 4.3.0 released · 2023-04-21
2.19.0
record
2023-03-14 · diff ↗ ·
added 3 exports
hurdle_cumulative, qgen_extreme_value, unstr
2.18.0
record
2022-09-19 · diff ↗
R
R 4.2.0 released · 2022-04-22
2.17.0
record
2022-04-13 · diff ↗ ·
added 10 exports
beta_binomial, dbeta_binomial, dlogistic_normal, dzero_inflated_beta_binomial, logistic_normal, pbeta_binomial, pzero_inflated_beta_binomial, rbeta_binomial, rlogistic_normal, zero_inflated_beta_binomial
2.16.3
record
2021-11-22 · diff ↗ ·
removed 3 exports
cv_varsel, get_refmodel, varsel

added 1 export
recompile_model
2.16.1
record
2021-08-23 · diff ↗

Show 58 earlier eventsHide 58 earlier events

2.16.0
record
2021-08-19 · diff ↗ ·
added 16 exports
add_rstan_model, as_draws, as_draws_array, as_draws_df, as_draws_list, as_draws_matrix, as_draws_rvars, get_dpar, nchains, ndraws, niterations, nvariables, opencl, prior_draws, resp_index, variables
R
R 4.1.0 released · 2021-05-18
2.15.0
record
2021-03-14 · diff ↗ ·
added 3 exports
R2D2, brmsfit_needs_refit, validate_prior
2.14.4
record
2020-11-03 · diff ↗ ·
added 3 exports
cv_varsel, get_refmodel, varsel
2.14.0
record
2020-10-08 · diff ↗ ·
added 3 exports
posterior_smooths, save_pars, threading
2.13.5
record
2020-07-31 · diff ↗ ·
added 2 exports
cox, loo_moment_match
2.13.3
record
2020-07-13 · diff ↗
2.13.0
record
2020-05-27 · diff ↗ ·
added 4 exports
brmsterms, posterior_epred, prepare_predictions, rename_pars
R
R 4.0.0 released · 2020-04-24
2.12.0
record
2020-02-23 · diff ↗ ·
added 8 exports
acformula, ar, arma, car, cosy, fcor, ma, sar
2.11.1
record
2020-01-19 · diff ↗
2.11.0
record
2020-01-12 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
conditional_effects, conditional_smooths, loo_subsample, mcmc_plot, pp_expect, resp_thres
2.10.0
record
2019-08-29 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
cor_cosy, empty_prior, is.cor_cosy, resp_rate, resp_vint, resp_vreal
2.9.0
record
2019-05-23 · diff ↗ ·
removed 3 exports
is.cor_bsts, mono, monotonic
R
R 3.6.0 released · 2019-04-26
2.8.0
record
2019-03-15 · diff ↗ ·
added 10 exports
add_criterion, ddirichlet, dirichlet, do_call, get_y, loo_compare, multinomial, mvbind, rdirichlet, resp_subset
2.7.0
record
2018-12-17 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
kfold_predict
2.6.0
record
2018-10-23 · diff ↗ ·
added 7 exports
data_predictor, data_response, density_ratio, extract_draws, predictive_interval, update_adterms, validate_newdata
2.5.0
record
2018-09-16 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
is.brmsfit_multiple
2.4.0
record
2018-07-20 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
loo_R2
2.3.1
record
2018-06-05 · diff ↗ ·
added 16 exports
dhurdle_gamma, dhurdle_lognormal, dhurdle_negbinomial, dhurdle_poisson, dzero_inflated_beta, dzero_inflated_binomial, dzero_inflated_negbinomial, dzero_inflated_poisson, phurdle_gamma, phurdle_lognormal, phurdle_negbinomial, phurdle_poisson, pzero_inflated_beta, pzero_inflated_binomial, pzero_inflated_negbinomial, pzero_inflated_poisson
2.3.0
record
2018-05-14 · diff ↗
R
R 3.5.0 released · 2018-04-23
2.2.0
record
2018-04-13 · diff ↗ ·
added 17 exports
autocor, custom_family, dshifted_lnorm, loo_model_weights, make_conditions, mi, mmc, model_weights, posterior_average, pshifted_lnorm, qshifted_lnorm, resp_mi, rows2labels, rshifted_lnorm, set_mecor, shifted_lognormal, stanvar
2.1.0
record
2018-01-23 · diff ↗ ·
added 3 exports
brm_multiple, combine_models, pp_average
2.0.1
record
2017-12-21 · diff ↗ ·
added 2 exports
posterior_summary, posterior_table
2.0.0
record
2017-12-15 · diff ↗ ·
removed 8 exports
brmdata, cor.ar, cor.arma, cor.ma, cov_fixed, launch_shiny, posterior.samples, resp_disp

added 5 exports
is.mvbrmsformula, is.mvbrmsterms, mvbf, mvbrmsformula, set_rescor
1.10.2
record
2017-10-20 · diff ↗
1.10.0
record
2017-09-09 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
posterior_interval, posterior_linpred, s, t2, theme_black, theme_default
1.9.0
record
2017-08-15 · diff ↗ ·
added 9 exports
add_ic<-, bayes_R2, bayes_factor, bridge_sampler, launch_shinystan, lf, nlf, post_prob, set_nl
1.8.0
record
2017-07-20 · diff ↗ ·
added 16 exports
add_loo, add_waic, cor_car, cor_errorsar, cor_icar, cor_lagsar, cor_sar, dskew_normal, is.cor_car, is.cor_sar, kfold, pskew_normal, qskew_normal, reloo, rskew_normal, skew_normal
1.7.0
record
2017-05-23 · diff ↗ ·
added 2 exports
add_ic, gp
R
R 3.4.0 released · 2017-04-21
1.6.1
record
2017-04-17 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
zero_one_inflated_beta
1.6.0
record
2017-04-06 · diff ↗ ·
added 36 exports
control_params, dasym_laplace, dexgaussian, dfrechet, dgen_extreme_value, dinv_gaussian, dmulti_normal, dmulti_student_t, dstudent_t, dvon_mises, dwiener, loo_linpred, loo_predict, loo_predictive_interval, mixture, pasym_laplace, pexgaussian, pfrechet, pgen_extreme_value, pinv_gaussian, pp_mixture, pstudent_t, pvon_mises, qasym_laplace, qfrechet, qstudent_t, rasym_laplace, rexgaussian, rfrechet, rgen_extreme_value and 6 more
1.5.1
record
2017-02-26 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
restructure
1.5.0
record
2017-02-17 · diff ↗ ·
added 5 exports
gen_extreme_value, horseshoe, inv_logit_scaled, lasso, logit_scaled
1.4.0
record
2017-01-27 · diff ↗ ·
added 24 exports
asym_laplace, compare_ic, expp1, frechet, is.brmsfit, is.brmsformula, is.brmsprior, is.brmsterms, is.cor_arma, is.cor_brms, is.cor_bsts, is.cor_fixed, logm1, nsamples, parse_bf, prior_, resp_cat, resp_cens, resp_dec, resp_disp, resp_se, resp_trials, resp_trunc, resp_weights
1.3.1
record
2016-12-22 · diff ↗
1.3.0
record
2016-12-20 · diff ↗ ·
added 14 exports
cs, cse, exgaussian, gr, log_posterior, me, mm, mo, mono, monotonic, neff_ratio, nuts_params, rhat, wiener
1.2.0
record
2016-12-06 · diff ↗ ·
added 10 exports
hurdle_lognormal, log_lik, loo, marginal_smooths, posterior_predict, predictive_error, prior, prior_string, prior_summary, waic
1.1.0
record
2016-10-11 · diff ↗
1.0.1
record
2016-09-16 · diff ↗
1.0.0
record
2016-09-15 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
cauchy

added 6 exports
bf, brmsfamily, brmsformula, cov_fixed, pp_check, von_mises
0.10.0
record
2016-06-29 · diff ↗ ·
added 2 exports
cor_bsts, lognormal
0.9.1
record
2016-05-17 · diff ↗
R
R 3.3.0 released · 2016-05-03
0.9.0
record
2016-04-19 · diff ↗ ·
removed 2 exports
brm.data, par.names

added 2 exports
cor_fixed, expose_functions
0.8.0
record
2016-02-15 · diff ↗ ·
added 3 exports
as.mcmc, marginal_effects, zero_inflated_beta
0.7.0
record
2016-01-18 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
macf

added 2 exports
Beta, zero_inflated_binomial
0.6.0
record
2015-11-14 · diff ↗ ·
removed 2 exports
brm.pars, brmpars

added 21 exports
acat, bernoulli, categorical, cauchy, cor_arr, cratio, cumulative, exponential, geometric, hurdle_gamma, hurdle_negbinomial, hurdle_poisson, make_stancode, make_standata, negbinomial, sratio, stanplot, student, weibull, zero_inflated_negbinomial, zero_inflated_poisson
0.5.0
record
2015-09-13 · diff ↗ ·
added 15 exports
LOO, brmdata, brmpars, cor_ar, cor_arma, cor_ma, get_prior, launch_shiny, macf, parnames, posterior_samples, prior_samples, set_prior, stancode, standata
0.4.1
record
2015-08-03 · diff ↗
0.4.0
record
2015-07-23 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
brm.plot

added 1 export
WAIC
0.3.0
record
2015-06-29 · diff ↗ ·
added 6 exports
cor.ar, cor.arma, cor.ma, hypothesis, par.names, posterior.samples
0.2.0
record
2015-05-27 · diff ↗ ·
added 4 exports
VarCorr, fixef, ngrps, ranef
0.1.0
record
2015-05-08
R
R 3.2.0 released · 2015-04-16

Package metadata

First published: 2015-05-08
Total releases: 62 / 11 yrs
License: GPL-2 OSI
Additional repositories: stan-dev.r-universe.dev
Minimum R: ≥ 3.6.0
Bundled data: 5.3 KB / 4 files
Download size: 4.9 MB

Appears in task views

Bayesian Inference Meta-Analysis Mixed, Multilevel, and Hierarchical Models in R Phylogenetics

Cite

Cite this package

Run in R for the authors' entry:

citation("brms")

The package provides a citation file, so citation() returns the authors' own entry.

It points to 10.18637/jss.v080.i01, 10.32614/rj-2018-017, 10.18637/jss.v100.i05.

Cite the R Observatory

For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.

Format

APA

Balamuta, J. J. (2026). R Observatory: Metrics for brms version 2.23.0 [Data set]. HJJB, LLC. Data release v2026-10-18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21843040

From data release v2026-10-18, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.

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