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FRK

Fixed Rank Kriging

v2.3.2 · Jan 16, 2026 · GPL (>= 2)

Description

A tool for spatial/spatio-temporal modelling and prediction with large datasets. The approach models the field, and hence the covariance function, using a set of basis functions. This fixed-rank basis-function representation facilitates the modelling of big data, and the method naturally allows for non-stationary, anisotropic covariance functions. Discretisation of the spatial domain into so-called basic areal units (BAUs) facilitates the use of observations with varying support (i.e., both point-referenced and areal supports, potentially simultaneously), and prediction over arbitrary user-specified regions. `FRK` also supports inference over various manifolds, including the 2D plane and 3D sphere, and it provides helper functions to model, fit, predict, and plot with relative ease. Version 2.0.0 and above also supports the modelling of non-Gaussian data (e.g., Poisson, binomial, negative-binomial, gamma, and inverse-Gaussian) by employing a generalised linear mixed model (GLMM) framework. Zammit-Mangion and Cressie <doi:10.18637/jss.v098.i04> describe `FRK` in a Gaussian setting, and detail its use of basis functions and BAUs, while Sainsbury-Dale, Zammit-Mangion, and Cressie <doi:10.18637/jss.v108.i10> describe `FRK` in a non-Gaussian setting; two vignettes are available that summarise these papers and provide additional examples.

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CRAN Check Status

2 ERROR
3 NOTE
9 OK
Show all 14 flavors
Flavor Status
r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang OK
r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc OK
r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang ERROR
r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc ERROR
r-devel-macos-arm64 OK
r-devel-windows-x86_64 OK
r-oldrel-macos-arm64 NOTE
r-oldrel-macos-x86_64 NOTE
r-oldrel-windows-x86_64 NOTE
r-patched-linux-x86_64 OK
r-release-linux-x86_64 OK
r-release-macos-arm64 OK
r-release-macos-x86_64 OK
r-release-windows-x86_64 OK
Check details (10 non-OK)
ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang

re-building of vignette outputs

Error(s) in re-building vignettes:
Warning: elapsed-time limit of 1 hours reached for sub-process
--- re-building ‘FRK_intro.Rnw’ using knitr
OMP: Warning #96: Cannot form a team with 24 threads, using 2 instead.
OMP: Hint Consider unsetting KMP_DEVICE_THREAD_LIMIT (KMP_ALL_THREADS), KMP_TEAMS_THREAD_LIMIT, and OMP_THREAD_LIMIT (if any are set).
--- re-building ‘FRK_non-Gaussian.Rnw’ using knitr
--- finished re-building ‘FRK_non-Gaussian.Rnw’

SUMMARY: processing the following file failed:
  ‘FRK_intro.Rnw’

Error: Vignette re-building failed.
Execution halted
ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang

tests

Running ‘testthat.R’ [90m/86m]
Running the tests in ‘tests/testthat.R’ failed.
Complete output:
  > ops <- options("crayon.enabled" = FALSE)
  > library(testthat)
  > require("covr")
  Loading required package: covr
  > 
  > test_check("FRK")
  Loading required package: FRK
  
  Attaching package: 'FRK'
  
  The following object is masked from 'package:stats':
  
      simulate
  
  NOTE: In FRK >2.0 simple_kriging_fixed = FALSE by default, and hence
        universal kriging is done by default. However this is only the case when
        method = 'TMB'. When method = 'EM', simple kriging is done, irrespective of
        what the argument simple_kriging_fixed is set to.
  
    |                                                                            
    |                                                                      |   0%OMP: Warning #96: Cannot form a team with 24 threads, using 2 instead.
  OMP: Hint Consider unsetting KMP_DEVICE_THREAD_LIMIT (KMP_ALL_THREADS), KMP_TEAMS_T
...[truncated]...
                                                                    
    |=======================                                               |  33%
    |                                                                            
    |===============================================                       |  67%
    |                                                                            
    |======================================================================| 100%
  Maximum EM iterations reached
  Averaging over polygons...
  NOTE: In FRK >2.0 simple_kriging_fixed = FALSE by default, and hence
        universal kriging is done by default. However this is only the case when
        method = 'TMB'. When method = 'EM', simple kriging is done, irrespective of
        what the argument simple_kriging_fixed is set to.
  
    |                                                                            
    |                                                                      |   0%
ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc

re-building of vignette outputs

Error(s) in re-building vignettes:
Warning: elapsed-time limit of 1 hours reached for sub-process
--- re-building ‘FRK_intro.Rnw’ using knitr
--- re-building ‘FRK_non-Gaussian.Rnw’ using knitr
--- finished re-building ‘FRK_non-Gaussian.Rnw’

SUMMARY: processing the following file failed:
  ‘FRK_intro.Rnw’

Error: Vignette re-building failed.
Execution halted
ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc

tests

Running ‘testthat.R’
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-arm64

installed package size

installed size is 104.7Mb
  sub-directories of 1Mb or more:
    data   4.8Mb
    doc    1.9Mb
    libs  96.9Mb
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-arm64

package dependencies

Package suggested but not available for checking: ‘dggrids’
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-x86_64

installed package size

installed size is 106.7Mb
  sub-directories of 1Mb or more:
    data   5.5Mb
    doc    1.9Mb
    libs  98.2Mb
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-x86_64

package dependencies

Package suggested but not available for checking: ‘dggrids’
NOTE r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

installed package size

installed size is 20.6Mb
  sub-directories of 1Mb or more:
    data   4.8Mb
    doc    1.9Mb
    libs  12.8Mb
NOTE r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

package dependencies

Package suggested but not available for checking: 'dggrids'

Check History

ERROR 9 OK · 3 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 2 ERROR · 0 FAILURE Mar 10, 2026
ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang

tests

Running ‘testthat.R’ [90m/64m]
Running the tests in ‘tests/testthat.R’ failed.
Complete output:
  > ops <- options("crayon.enabled" = FALSE)
  > library(testthat)
  > require("covr")
  Loading required package: covr
  > 
  > test_check("FRK")
  Loadi
...[truncated]...
 is done, irrespective of
        what the argument simple_kriging_fixed is set to.
  
    |                                                                            
    |                                                                      |   0%
ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc

tests

Running ‘testthat.R’ [90m/59m]
Running the tests in ‘tests/testthat.R’ failed.
Complete output:
  > ops <- options("crayon.enabled" = FALSE)
  > library(testthat)
  > require("covr")
  Loading required package: covr
  > 
  > test_check("FRK")
  Loadi
...[truncated]...
 is done, irrespective of
        what the argument simple_kriging_fixed is set to.
  
    |                                                                            
    |                                                                      |   0%
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-arm64

package dependencies

Package suggested but not available for checking: ‘dggrids’
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-x86_64

package dependencies

Package suggested but not available for checking: ‘dggrids’
NOTE r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

package dependencies

Package suggested but not available for checking: 'dggrids'

Reverse Dependencies (1)

imports

IDE

Dependency Network

Dependencies Reverse dependencies digest dplyr fmesher ggplot2 Hmisc Matrix plyr Rcpp sp spacetime sparseinv statmod TMB ggpubr reshape2 +1 more dependencies IDE FRK

Version History

new 2.3.2 Mar 10, 2026
updated 2.3.2 ← 2.3.1 diff Jan 15, 2026
updated 2.3.1 ← 2.3.0 diff Jul 15, 2024
updated 2.3.0 ← 2.2.3 diff Jun 16, 2024
updated 2.2.3 ← 2.2.2 diff Apr 2, 2024
updated 2.2.2 ← 2.2.1 diff Feb 25, 2024
updated 2.2.1 ← 2.2.0 diff Jan 8, 2024
updated 2.2.0 ← 2.1.5 diff Oct 17, 2023
updated 2.1.5 ← 2.1.3 diff Jan 31, 2023
updated 2.1.3 ← 2.1.2 diff Dec 19, 2022
updated 2.1.2 ← 2.1.0 diff Dec 15, 2022
updated 2.1.0 ← 2.0.6 diff Sep 14, 2022
updated 2.0.6 ← 2.0.5 diff Aug 31, 2022
updated 2.0.5 ← 2.0.4 diff Mar 24, 2022
updated 2.0.4 ← 2.0.3 diff Feb 17, 2022
updated 2.0.3 ← 2.0.2 diff Jan 9, 2022
updated 2.0.2 ← 2.0.1 diff Nov 15, 2021
updated 2.0.1 ← 2.0.0 diff Oct 10, 2021
updated 2.0.0 ← 1.0.0 diff May 27, 2021
updated 1.0.0 ← 0.2.2.1 diff Feb 21, 2021