R Observatory: Metrics for DPI version 2026.2

Balamuta, James Joseph

doi:10.5281/zenodo.21843040

DPI

2026.2

The Directed Prediction Index for Causal Direction Inference from Observational Data

0packages depend

2.9Kdownloads / year

–test coverage

13/13checks pass

Overview

About

Maintained by Han Wu Shuang BaoFirst published 2025-06-187 releasesCRAN page ↗GitHub ↗

The Directed Prediction Index ('DPI') is a causal discovery method for observational data designed to quantify the relative endogeneity of outcome (Y) versus predictor (X) variables in regression models. By comparing the coefficients of determination (R-squared) between the Y-as-outcome and X-as-outcome models while controlling for sufficient confounders and simulating k random covariates, it can quantify relative endogeneity, providing a necessary but insufficient condition for causal direction from a less endogenous variable (X) to a more endogenous variable (Y). Methodological details are provided at https://psychbruce.github.io/DPI/. This package also includes functions for data simulation and network analysis (correlation, partial correlation, and Bayesian Networks).

Install

R (CRAN)pak (dev)Ubuntu (r2u)Fedora (COPR)openSUSE (OBS)

install.packages("DPI", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")

Installs the current CRAN release. Prebuilt binaries on Windows and macOS.

if (!requireNamespace("pak", quietly = TRUE))
  install.packages("pak", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")
pak::pak("psychbruce/DPI")

Development version from psychbruce/DPI. Installs pak first if it is not already available.

Release

# enable cranapt (r2u) if it is not already set up, then install
grep -rqs r2u.stat.illinois.edu /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ \
  || curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eddelbuettel/r2u/master/inst/scripts/add_cranapt_noble.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install -y r-cran-dpi

Fast Ubuntu binaries via r2u (no compilation). The cranapt setup runs once and is skipped when it is already enabled.

bspm (used by r2u) also needs make: sudo apt install make

# enable the iucar/cran COPR if it is not already present, then install
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*iucar*cran*.repo >/dev/null 2>&1 \
  || sudo dnf copr enable -y iucar/cran
sudo dnf install -y R-CRAN-DPI

RPMs from the iucar/cran COPR, rebuilt from CRAN.

For install.packages() integration in R, also: sudo dnf install R-CoprManager

# add the autoCRAN OBS repo (Tumbleweed) if it is missing, then install
zypper -q lr | grep -qi autoCRAN \
  || sudo zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/languages:/R:/autoCRAN/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/devel:languages:R:autoCRAN.repo
sudo zypper install -y R-DPI

RPMs auto-built from CRAN on openSUSE OBS (Tumbleweed).

Health

CRAN checks

13OK

Slowest check: 3.0 min · r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

Code health

None

Tests · ratio 0.00

not tracked

Coverage

100%

Documentation · exports

8

Dependencies · direct

Check history

OK2026-08-05
13 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
NOTE2026-08-01
12 OK · 1 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
OK2026-06-09
13 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
ERROR2026-06-08
12 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 1 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
OK2026-03-10
14 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE

Documentation

READMEYes · 1,301 wordsVignettesNopkgdown siteNoNEWSYes · 100% structuredCode of conductNoContributing guideNo

Examples that run: 44%
Documented parameters: 92%
Return-value docs: 100%
References docs: 17%

Downloads

2.9K

CRAN downloads in the past year

Rank #19,307 · ~8/day · ~238/mo

Releases R versions

Daily download trend is not available in this view yet.

15130 days

57090 days

2.9K1 year

Compare downloads with other packages →

Also on1.1K r2u

Repository

GitHub ↗ psychbruce/dpi

4Stars

0Forks

0Open issues

0Open PRs

0Releases

35Commits

1Contributors

causal-inferencecausalityinfluencelinear-regressionpredictionsimulationstatisticscausal-discovery

License GPL-3.0 · 35 commits · Last activity 2026-02-26

Repository practices

Upstream repositoryBeta

4 development-tooling and community-health practices detected across 3 families in the upstream repository

Checks run against github.com/psychbruce/dpi on 2026-08-09.

Continuous integration (1)

GitHub Actions

CRAN release process (2)

cran-comments.mdCRAN-SUBMISSION

Lint, format, editor (1)

RStudio project

How this is detected·Detection ruleset v1 (2026-07-18)

Dependencies

Declared dependencies

10 external dependencies (excludes base and recommended)

Depends (1)

R >= 4.0.0

Imports (8)

glue crayon cli ggplot2 cowplot qgraph bnlearnMASS

LinkingTo (0)

none

Suggests (3)

bruceR aplot bayestestR

Enhances (0)

none

Dependency license breakdown →

Reverse dependencies

0direct

0indirect

Nothing depends on this yet.

Code & Tests

People & History

People (1)

Maintainer (1)

Han Wu Shuang Bao

Author, Maintainer · added in 2025.8

Authors (1)

Han Wu Shuang Bao

Author, Maintainer · added in 2025.8

Listed in earlier versions (1)

Han-Wu-Shuang Bao

no longer listed · 2025.6

Package Timeline

7 releases. Pick two to compare their code metrics. R releases are shown for context.

R
R 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
2026.2Latest
2026-02-26 · current release · diff ↗
2025.11
2025-11-24 · diff ↗
2025.10-1
2025-10-23 · diff ↗
2025.10
2025-10-16 · diff ↗
2025.9
2025-09-20 · diff ↗
2025.8
2025-08-20 · diff ↗
2025.6
2025-06-18
R
R 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11

Package metadata

First published: 2025-06-18
Total releases: 7 / 1 yrs
License: GPL-3 OSI
Minimum R: ≥ 4.0.0
Download size: 32 KB
Installed size: not tracked yet
With dependencies: not tracked yet

Cite

Cite this package

Run in R for the authors' preferred citation:

citation("DPI")

Format

Bao, H. W. S. (2026). DPI: The Directed Prediction Index for Causal Direction Inference from Observational Data (Version 2026.2) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.DPI

This is what citation() produces when a package has no citation file of its own. If it prints something else, use that.

Cite the R Observatory

For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.

Format

APA

Balamuta, J. J. (2026). R Observatory: Metrics for DPI version 2026.2 [Data set]. HJJB, LLC. Data release v2026-08-15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21843040

From data release v2026-08-15, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.

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