R Observatory: Metrics for DPI version 2026.2

Balamuta, James Joseph

doi:10.5281/zenodo.21843040

DPI

2026.2Package record

The Directed Prediction Index for Causal Direction Inference from Observational Data

0packages depend

2.9Kdownloads / year

–test coverage

13/13flavors OK

Overview

About

Maintained by Han Wu Shuang BaoCRAN page ↗GitHub ↗Website ↗Issues ↗

The Directed Prediction Index ('DPI') is a causal discovery method for observational data designed to quantify the relative endogeneity of outcome (Y) versus predictor (X) variables in regression models. By comparing the coefficients of determination (R-squared) between the Y-as-outcome and X-as-outcome models while controlling for sufficient confounders and simulating k random covariates, it can quantify relative endogeneity, providing a necessary but insufficient condition for causal direction from a less endogenous variable (X) to a more endogenous variable (Y). Methodological details are provided at https://psychbruce.github.io/DPI/. This package also includes functions for data simulation and network analysis (correlation, partial correlation, and Bayesian Networks).

Changes in 2026.2

Minor changes and improvements.

From NEWS.md in the release

Install

R (CRAN)pak (dev)Ubuntu (r2u)Fedora (COPR)openSUSE (OBS)

install.packages("DPI", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")

Installs the current CRAN release. Prebuilt binaries on Windows and macOS.

if (!requireNamespace("pak", quietly = TRUE))
  install.packages("pak", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")
pak::pak("psychbruce/DPI")

Development version from psychbruce/DPI. Installs pak first if it is not already available.

Release

# enable cranapt (r2u) if it is not already set up, then install
grep -rqs r2u.stat.illinois.edu /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ \
  || curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eddelbuettel/r2u/master/inst/scripts/add_cranapt_noble.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install -y r-cran-dpi

Fast Ubuntu binaries via r2u (no compilation). The cranapt setup runs once and is skipped when it is already enabled. We list this channel from recorded r2u download activity rather than from a live index of the repository, so treat it as last known rather than guaranteed.

bspm (used by r2u) also needs make: sudo apt install make

# enable the iucar/cran COPR if it is not already present, then install
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*iucar*cran*.repo >/dev/null 2>&1 \
  || sudo dnf copr enable -y iucar/cran
sudo dnf install -y R-CRAN-DPI

RPMs from the iucar/cran COPR, rebuilt from CRAN.

For install.packages() integration in R, also: sudo dnf install R-CoprManager

# add the autoCRAN OBS repo (Tumbleweed) if it is missing, then install
zypper -q lr | grep -qi autoCRAN \
  || sudo zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/languages:/R:/autoCRAN/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/devel:languages:R:autoCRAN.repo
sudo zypper install -y R-DPI

RPMs auto-built from CRAN on openSUSE OBS (Tumbleweed). We list this channel from recorded autoCRAN download activity rather than from a live index of the repository, so treat it as last known rather than guaranteed.

Health

CRAN checks

13OK

CRAN check page ↗

Slowest check: 2.9 min · r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

Status changes

OK13 OK2026-08-05
NOTE12 OK, 1 NOTE2026-08-01
OK13 OK2026-06-09
ERROR12 OK, 1 ERROR2026-06-08
OK14 OK2026-03-10

Advisories

none known

How this is measured·How advisories are found

Documentation

In release 2026.2

READMEYes · 1,301 wordsVignettesNoNEWSYes · 100% structured · mentions 2026.2Citation fileNoWebsiteYes · pkgdown

Help pages: 12 (3 internal)includes a package overview page
Examples that run: 33%3 run in a plain check · 6 only when donttest examples are enabled (R CMD check --as-cran)
Exported functions with examples: 100%
Documented parameters: 92%
Return-value docs: 100%
Help pages citing references: 17%

How these are measured

Downloads

2.9K

CRAN downloads in the past year

Rank #16,989 · ~8/day · ~240/mo

Releases R versions

Daily download trend is not available in this view yet.

30830 days

72690 days

2.9K1 year

Compare downloads with other packages →

Also on1K r2u4 autocran

How downloads are counted

Repository

psychbruce/dpi ↗Account: psychbruce

4Stars

0Forks

0Open issues

0Open PRs

0Releases

35Commits

1Commit identities

causal-inferencecausalityinfluencelinear-regressionpredictionsimulationstatisticscausal-discovery

License file reads as GPL-3.0 · 35 commits · Last activity 2026-02-26

Responsiveness

not measured

How these are measured

PracticesBeta

8 development-tooling and community-health practices detected across 4 families in the upstream repository

Checks run against github.com/psychbruce/dpi on 2026-10-11.

Continuous integration (2)

GitHub ActionsR CMD check workflow

The R CMD check workflow runs on Linux

Docs source (3)

pkgdown

GitHub Pages site last deployed 2026-02-26 · The repository has a site deploy workflow

pkgdown site last built 2026-02-26

CRAN release process (2)

cran-comments.mdCRAN-SUBMISSION

Lint, format, editor (1)

RStudio project

How this is detected·Detection ruleset v3 (2026-09-26)

Dependencies

Declared dependencies

10 external dependencies (excludes base and recommended)

Installing DPI adds 75 packages (40 with compiled code, 67 MB of source tarballs). Heaviest: stringi 11 MB, ggplot2 6.0 MB, data.table 5.7 MB.

Depends (1)

R >= 4.0.0

Imports (8)

glue crayon cli ggplot2 cowplot qgraph bnlearnMASS

LinkingTo (0)

none

Suggests (3)

bruceR aplot bayestestR

Enhances (0)

none

Dependency license breakdown →

Reverse dependencies

0direct

0indirect

Nothing depends on this yet.

How these are counted

Code & Tests

People & History

People (1)

Han Wu Shuang Bao

Author, Maintainer · added in 2025.8

Maintainer since 2025.6 (2025)

Listed in earlier versions (1)

Han-Wu-Shuang Bao

no longer listed · 2025.6

Releases (7)

Pick two releases to compare their code metrics.

R
R 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
2026.2Latest
record
2026-02-26 · current release · diff ↗
2025.11
record
2025-11-24 · diff ↗
2025.10-1
record
2025-10-23 · diff ↗
2025.10
record
2025-10-16 · diff ↗ ·
removed 3 exports
cor_network, dag_network, matrix_cor

added 5 exports
BNs_dag, DPI_dag, cor_matrix, cor_net, p_to_bf
2025.9
record
2025-09-20 · diff ↗ ·
removed 1 export
data_random

added 3 exports
matrix_cor, sim_data, sim_data_exp
2025.8
record
2025-08-20 · diff ↗ ·
added 1 export
dag_network
2025.6
record
2025-06-18
R
R 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11

Package metadata

First published: 2025-06-18
Total releases: 7 / 1 yrs
License: GPL-3 OSI
Minimum R: ≥ 4.0.0
Download size: 32 KB

Cite

Cite this package

Run in R for the authors' preferred citation:

citation("DPI")

Format

Bao, H. W. S. (2026). DPI: The Directed Prediction Index for Causal Direction Inference from Observational Data (Version 2026.2) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.DPI

This package has no citation file, so citation() returns this entry built from DESCRIPTION.

Cite the R Observatory

For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.

Format

APA

Balamuta, J. J. (2026). R Observatory: Metrics for DPI version 2026.2 [Data set]. HJJB, LLC. Data release v2026-10-17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21843040

From data release v2026-10-17, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.

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