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Covariate Balancing Propensity Score

4packages dependsuggested by 4
59.7Kdownloads / year
18.0%test coverage
13/13flavors OK

Overview

About

Implements the covariate balancing propensity score (CBPS) proposed by Imai and Ratkovic (2014) DOI:10.1111/rssb.12027. The propensity score is estimated such that it maximizes the resulting covariate balance as well as the prediction of treatment assignment. The method, therefore, avoids an iteration between model fitting and balance checking. The package also implements optimal CBPS from Fan et al. (in-press) DOI:10.1080/07350015.2021.2002159, several extensions of the CBPS beyond the cross-sectional, binary treatment setting. They include the CBPS for longitudinal settings so that it can be used in conjunction with marginal structural models from Imai and Ratkovic (2015) DOI:10.1080/01621459.2014.956872, treatments with three- and four-valued treatment variables, continuous-valued treatments from Fong, Hazlett, and Imai (2018) DOI:10.1214/17-AOAS1101, propensity score estimation with a large number of covariates from Ning, Peng, and Imai (2020) DOI:10.1093/biomet/asaa020, and the situation with multiple distinct binary treatments administered simultaneously. In the future it will be extended to other settings including the generalization of experimental and instrumental variable estimates.

Install

Health

CRAN checks
13OK
Slowest check: 2.6 min · r-oldrel-windows-x86_64
Status changes
  • OK13 OK2026-08-05
  • NOTE12 OK, 1 NOTE2026-08-01
  • OK14 OK2026-04-10
  • ERROR13 OK, 1 ERROR2026-04-09
  • OK14 OK2026-03-10
Advisories

none known

Documentation

In release 0.24
READMENoVignettesNoNEWSNoCitation fileNoWebsitenot declared in DESCRIPTION
Help pages
24
Examples that run
100%8 run in a plain check
Exported functions with examples
78%
Documented parameters
100%
Return-value docs
100%
Help pages citing references
38%

Downloads

59.7K
CRAN downloads in the past year
Rank #1,720 · ~164/day · ~5K/mo
Daily download trend is not available in this view yet.
5.1K30 days
12.2K90 days
59.7K1 year
Compare downloads with other packages →
Also on291 r2u21 autocran93 c2d4u

Dependencies

Declared dependencies
4 external dependencies (excludes base and recommended)

Installing CBPS adds 12 packages (6 with compiled code, 10 MB of source tarballs). Heaviest: glmnet 2.7 MB, Rcpp 1.8 MB, MatchIt 1.7 MB.

Depends (6)
R >= 3.4MASSMatchItnnetnumDerivglmnet
Imports (0)
none
LinkingTo (0)
none
Suggests (1)
Enhances (0)
none
Reverse dependencies
4direct
0indirect
Imports 4
Suggested by 4
Depends, Imports or LinkingTo, most downloaded first
Suggests, most downloaded first

Datasets

People & History

People (7)
Author, Maintainer since 0.9 (2014)
Contributor · added in 0.10
Contributor · added in 0.23
Contributor · added in 0.14
Contributor · added in 0.11

Previously maintained by Marc Ratkovic (0.1 to 0.8).

Releases (24)

Pick two releases to compare their code metrics.

  • R
    R 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
  • 0.24Latest
    record
    2025-12-01 · current release · diff ↗
  • R
    R 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11
  • R
    R 4.4.0 released · 2024-04-24
  • R
    R 4.3.0 released · 2023-04-21
  • R
    R 4.2.0 released · 2022-04-22
  • 0.23
    record
    2022-01-18 · diff ↗ ·
    added 1 export
    AsyVar
  • R
    R 4.1.0 released · 2021-05-18
  • 0.22
    record
    2021-03-29 · diff ↗
  • R
    R 4.0.0 released · 2020-04-24
  • 0.21
    record
    2019-08-21 · diff ↗
  • R
    R 3.6.0 released · 2019-04-26
  • 0.20
    record
    2019-03-22 · diff ↗
  • 0.19
    record
    2018-06-17 · diff ↗
  • R
    R 3.5.0 released · 2018-04-23
  • unarchivedReturned to CRAN
    2018-03-10
Show 26 earlier eventsHide 26 earlier events
  • 0.18
    record
    2018-03-10 · diff ↗
  • 0.17
    record
    2018-01-30 · diff ↗
  • unarchivedReturned to CRAN
    2018-01-29
    , but the same errors were still present so archived again on 2018-01-31
  • archivedRemoved from CRAN
    2018-01-25
    check errors (without long-double, alternative BLASes) were not corrected despite reminders
  • 0.16
    record
    2017-12-19 · diff ↗
  • 0.15
    record
    2017-11-26 · diff ↗ ·
    removed 1 export
    summary.CBPS
    added 1 export
    CBPS.fit
  • 0.14
    record
    2017-10-02 · diff ↗ ·
    added 3 exports
    hdCBPS, CBIV, vcov_outcome
  • R
    R 3.4.0 released · 2017-04-21
  • 0.13
    record
    2016-12-30 · diff ↗
  • 0.12
    record
    2016-11-01 · diff ↗
  • 0.11
    record
    2016-05-13 · diff ↗
  • R
    R 3.3.0 released · 2016-05-03
  • 0.10
    record
    2015-09-21 · diff ↗ ·
    added 1 export
    npCBPS
  • R
    R 3.2.0 released · 2015-04-16
  • 0.9
    record
    2014-08-14 · diff ↗ ·
    removed 3 exports
    IPW, DR, MSMdata
    added 1 export
    CBMSM
  • R
    R 3.1.0 released · 2014-04-10
  • 0.8
    record
    2014-03-08 · diff ↗
  • 0.7
    record
    2013-07-25 · diff ↗
  • 0.6
    record
    2013-06-07 · diff ↗ ·
    added 1 export
    balance
  • 0.5
    record
    2013-05-08 · diff ↗
  • 0.4
    record
    2013-04-03 · diff ↗ ·
    added 1 export
    MSMdata
  • R
    R 3.0.0 released · 2013-04-03
  • 0.3
    record
    2013-01-31 · diff ↗
  • 0.2
    record
    2012-09-29 · diff ↗ ·
    removed 2 exports
    CBPSlogit, summary.CBPSlogit
    added 4 exports
    CBPS, summary.CBPS, IPW, DR
  • 0.1
    record
    2012-07-19
  • R
    R 2.15.0 released · 2012-03-30

Package metadata

First published
2012-07-19
Total releases
24 / 14 yrs
License
GPL (>= 2) OSI
Minimum R
≥ 3.4
Bundled data
42 KB / 2 files
Download size
108 KB
Appears in task views

Cite

Cite this package

Run in R for the authors' preferred citation:

citation("CBPS")
Fong, C., Hazlett, C., Imai, K., Lee, I., Peng, S., Ratkovic, M., & Yang, X. (2025). CBPS: Covariate Balancing Propensity Score (Version 0.24) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.CBPS

This package has no citation file, so citation() returns this entry built from DESCRIPTION.

Cite the R Observatory

For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.

APA

Balamuta, J. J. (2026). R Observatory: Metrics for CBPS version 0.24 [Data set]. HJJB, LLC. Data release v2026-10-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21843040

From data release v2026-10-20, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.

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